Uroxatral: Targeted Relief for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Symptoms
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Synonyms | |||
Uroxatral (alfuzosin HCl) is a prescription alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist specifically formulated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It works by selectively relaxing smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck, reducing dynamic obstruction and improving urinary flow. This medication is designed for men experiencing bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms, offering a mechanism of action that targets the underlying cause of urinary hesitancy, weak stream, and nocturia without affecting prostate size. Clinical studies demonstrate its efficacy in improving symptom scores and quality of life metrics.
Features
- Contains alfuzosin hydrochloride as the active pharmaceutical ingredient
- Extended-release tablet formulation for consistent 24-hour plasma concentrations
- Selective blockade of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors in genitourinary tissue
- FDA-approved for treatment of signs and symptoms of BPH
- Once-daily dosing regimen for patient convenience
- Available in 10 mg strength tablets
Benefits
- Significant improvement in maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) within 1-2 weeks of initiation
- Reduction in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) by approximately 30-40%
- Decreased nocturia and improved sleep quality
- Reduced urinary urgency and frequency
- Improved bladder emptying and decreased post-void residual volume
- Enhanced quality of life through better symptom control
Common use
Uroxatral is primarily prescribed for the management of moderate to severe symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia in adult men. These symptoms include urinary hesitancy, weak stream, straining during urination, incomplete bladder emptying, increased urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia. The medication is particularly suitable for patients who prefer non-surgical management options or who are not candidates for surgical intervention. It may be used as monotherapy or in combination with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for patients with significantly enlarged prostates.
Dosage and direction
The recommended dosage of Uroxatral is one 10 mg extended-release tablet taken orally once daily, immediately after the same meal each day. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed, chewed, or divided. The medication should be taken with food as this significantly improves bioavailability and reduces peak plasma concentrations, potentially minimizing side effects. Treatment response is typically evaluated after 2-4 weeks of continuous therapy. Dosage adjustment is not typically required for elderly patients but may be necessary in those with hepatic impairment.
Precautions
Patients should be advised about the potential for orthostatic hypotension, particularly during initial treatment or dosage increases. Caution should be exercised when driving or operating machinery until the patient’s response to therapy is established. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended, especially in patients taking antihypertensive medications concurrently. Patients should be advised to avoid sudden changes in posture and to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions. Ophthalmologic consultation is recommended for patients considering cataract surgery due to the potential for intraoperative floppy iris syndrome.
Contraindications
Uroxatral is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to alfuzosin hydrochloride or any component of the formulation. It should not be used in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh categories B and C). Concomitant use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, or clarithromycin is contraindicated. The medication is not indicated for use in women or children and should not be used for the treatment of hypertension.
Possible side effects
The most commonly reported adverse reactions include dizziness (5.7%), headache (3.2%), fatigue (3.0%), and upper respiratory tract infection (2.8%). Orthostatic hypotension occurs in approximately 0.6% of patients. Less common side effects include palpitations, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, dyspepsia, impotence, priapism (rare but requires immediate medical attention), syncope, and rhinitis. Most side effects are mild to moderate in severity and often diminish with continued therapy. Serious adverse events are rare but may include severe hypotension and syncope.
Drug interaction
Uroxatral is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes and exhibits significant interactions with CYP3A4 inhibitors. Concomitant administration with alpha-adrenergic blockers may result in enhanced hypotensive effects. Concurrent use with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors may potentiate blood pressure-lowering effects. Antihypertensive medications, nitrates, and other vasodilators may increase the risk of hypotension. Moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors such as erythromycin, diltiazem, and verapamil may increase alfuzosin concentrations and require careful monitoring. No significant interactions have been observed with atenolol, digoxin, or warfarin.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered on the same day with food. If the missed dose is not remembered until the next day, the patient should skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Double doses should not be taken to make up for a missed dose. Patients should be educated about maintaining consistent dosing patterns and advised to contact their healthcare provider if multiple doses are missed or if they have questions about dosing.
Overdose
In case of overdose, supportive care should be instituted with particular attention to maintaining blood pressure and heart rate. Expected manifestations would include severe hypotension, dizziness, lightheadedness, and possible syncope. Cardiovascular support may include intravenous fluids and vasopressors if necessary. Patients should be placed in supine position with elevated legs. Dialysis is unlikely to be effective due to high protein binding. Symptomatic treatment should be provided based on clinical presentation, and consultation with a poison control center is recommended.
Storage
Uroxatral tablets should be stored at room temperature between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) with excursions permitted between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). The medication should be kept in its original container with the lid tightly closed to protect from moisture and light. Tablets should be kept out of reach of children and pets. Unused medication should be properly disposed of according to FDA guidelines or through medication take-back programs. Do not flush medications down the toilet unless specifically instructed to do so.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Uroxatral is a prescription medication that should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Patients should consult their physician for proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Individual results may vary, and not all patients will experience the same benefits or side effects. The full prescribing information should be reviewed before initiating therapy.
Reviews
Clinical trials demonstrate that approximately 60-70% of patients experience significant improvement in urinary symptoms with Uroxatral therapy. Many urologists report favorable patient responses, particularly regarding improved flow rates and reduced nocturia. Patients often note convenience of once-daily dosing and generally good tolerability profile. Some real-world evidence suggests better cardiovascular safety profile compared to non-selective alpha-blockers. Long-term studies indicate maintained efficacy over 12-24 months of treatment with consistent safety profile.