Cefaclor: Potent Antibiotic for Effective Bacterial Infection Control
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Cefaclor is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic designed to combat a wide spectrum of bacterial infections. It functions by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the eradication of susceptible pathogens. Clinically trusted for decades, cefaclor is commonly prescribed for respiratory, urinary tract, skin, and ear infections. Its reliable pharmacokinetic profile ensures adequate tissue penetration and consistent therapeutic levels, making it a go-to option for physicians seeking efficacy and patient tolerance in outpatient and community settings.
Features
- Belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics
- Available in oral formulations including capsules, tablets, and suspension
- Bactericidal action through inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- Effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
- Stable in acidic environments, allowing for consistent oral absorption
- Multiple strengths available for precise dosing
Benefits
- Rapid onset of action helps alleviate infection symptoms quickly
- Broad-spectrum coverage reduces the need for combination therapy in many cases
- High bioavailability ensures effective drug concentration at infection sites
- Well-tolerated profile supports adherence to treatment regimens
- Proven clinical success in treating common community-acquired infections
- Flexible dosing options accommodate both adult and pediatric patients
Common use
Cefaclor is indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms. Common uses include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and skin structure infections, and urinary tract infections. It is particularly valuable in treating infections where penicillin-resistant organisms are suspected or confirmed. Medical professionals often prescribe cefaclor as first-line therapy for uncomplicated community-acquired infections due to its reliable efficacy and safety record.
Dosage and direction
The dosage of cefaclor varies depending on the infection severity, patient age, renal function, and pathogen susceptibility. For adults, the typical dosage ranges from 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours. For more severe infections, doses up to 1 gram every 8 hours may be administered. Pediatric dosing is based on body weight, typically 20-40 mg/kg/day divided into two or three doses. The maximum pediatric dose should not exceed 1 gram per day. Administration should occur with or without food, though taking with food may minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. Complete the full prescribed course even if symptoms improve earlier to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Precautions
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of any history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function; dosage adjustments may be necessary. Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. If superinfection occurs during therapy, appropriate measures should be taken. Cefaclor should be prescribed with caution in patients with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins or other beta-lactam antibiotics. Regular monitoring of renal and hepatic function is advised during extended therapy.
Contraindications
Cefaclor is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or any component of the formulation. Cross-sensitivity between beta-lactam antibiotics may occur; therefore, caution is advised in patients with penicillin allergy. The medication should not be administered to patients who have experienced previous serious hypersensitivity reactions to any cephalosporin. Concomitant use with probenecid is contraindicated due to altered renal excretion patterns.
Possible side effect
Common adverse reactions include diarrhea (2-3%), nausea and vomiting (1-2%), and abdominal pain. Hypersensitivity reactions may manifest as rash, urticaria, or pruritus in approximately 1.5% of patients. Transient elevations in liver enzymes have been reported in less than 2% of cases. Rare but serious side effects include pseudomembranous colitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and anaphylaxis. Hematologic effects such as eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, and reversible neutropenia may occur with prolonged therapy. Patients should report any unusual bleeding, bruising, or persistent diarrhea immediately.
Drug interaction
Probenecid may decrease renal tubular secretion of cefaclor, increasing and prolonging antibiotic levels. Concurrent use with nephrotoxic drugs (aminoglycosides, potent diuretics) may increase renal toxicity risk. Cefaclor may potentiate the effects of oral anticoagulants, requiring closer monitoring of coagulation parameters. The absorption of cefaclor may be reduced when taken with antacids containing aluminum or magnesium. Laboratory test interactions may occur with certain glucose tests, potentially causing false-positive results in copper reduction tests.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed administration. Maintaining consistent antibiotic levels is crucial for therapeutic efficacy, so patients should strive for adherence to the prescribed dosing regimen. Setting reminders or using pill organizers can help prevent missed doses during the treatment course.
Overdose
Symptoms of cefaclor overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. In cases of significant overdose, convulsions or encephalopathic changes may occur. Management should include gastric lavage or activated charcoal if ingestion was recent. Hemodialysis may be effective in removing cefaclor from the bloodstream. Supportive care should be provided with attention to electrolyte balance and hydration status. There is no specific antidote for cefaclor overdose; treatment should focus on symptomatic management and supportive measures.
Storage
Store cefaclor capsules and tablets at controlled room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F) in a tightly closed container. Protect from moisture and light. The oral suspension should be reconstituted with water according to package instructions and stored in the refrigerator (2-8°C or 36-46°F). Do not freeze. Discard any unused suspension after 14 days. Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets. Do not transfer medications to unlabeled containers, as this may lead to dosing errors or accidental ingestion.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication regimen. The prescribing physician should be the ultimate authority regarding appropriate use, dosage, and duration of therapy. Individual patient factors may necessitate adjustments to standard recommendations. Report any adverse reactions to your healthcare provider promptly.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate cefaclor’s efficacy with success rates exceeding 85% for approved indications. Physician surveys indicate high satisfaction with its clinical performance in community practice settings. Patient-reported outcomes show significant improvement in infection symptoms within 48-72 hours of initiation. The antibiotic maintains a favorable benefit-risk profile when used appropriately according to prescribing guidelines. Long-term clinical experience supports its position as a valuable therapeutic option in outpatient antibiotic therapy.