Carbocisteine: Effective Mucolytic Relief for Respiratory Congestion
| Product dosage: 375 mg | |||
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| 360 | $0.16
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Synonyms | |||
Carbocisteine is a mucolytic agent specifically formulated to address excessive and viscous mucus in respiratory conditions. As an expert-recommended therapy, it works by breaking down disulfide bonds in mucoprotein molecules, reducing sputum viscosity and facilitating expectoration. This pharmacological action makes it particularly valuable in managing chronic bronchopulmonary disorders where mucus clearance is compromised. The medication is available in various formulations including syrups, capsules, and sachets, allowing for tailored therapeutic approaches based on patient needs and clinical presentation.
Features
- Contains carbocisteine as the active mucolytic compound
- Available in multiple formulations: 375mg capsules, 250mg/5ml syrup, and 750mg sachets
- Specifically targets disulfide bonds in mucoprotein structures
- Demonstrated efficacy in reducing sputum viscosity within 2-3 days of initiation
- Suitable for both acute exacerbations and chronic maintenance therapy
- Compatible with most standard respiratory treatment regimens
Benefits
- Significantly improves mucus clearance from respiratory tract
- Reduces coughing frequency and intensity by facilitating expectoration
- Enhances antibiotic penetration in infected airways by reducing mucus barrier
- Improves pulmonary function parameters in chronic obstructive conditions
- Decreases frequency of acute exacerbations in chronic bronchitis
- Provides symptomatic relief while addressing underlying mucus pathology
Common use
Carbocisteine is primarily indicated for respiratory conditions characterized by excessive, thick mucus production. Its most common applications include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly chronic bronchitis with impaired mucus clearance. It is extensively used in bronchiectasis management to prevent mucus plug formation and subsequent infections. In acute settings, it proves valuable for treating productive cough associated with respiratory tract infections, including acute bronchitis and pneumonia. Pediatric applications include treatment of otitis media with effusion when mucus viscosity contributes to eustachian tube dysfunction. The medication is also employed as adjunctive therapy in cystic fibrosis management, though typically in combination with other mucolytic agents.
Dosage and direction
Adults: 750mg three times daily initially, reducing to 375mg three times daily after clinical improvement. Maximum daily dose should not exceed 2.25g.
Elderly: Consider reduced dosage of 375mg three times daily initially due to potential renal impairment.
Children 5-12 years: 250mg three times daily, adjusted based on response and tolerance.
Administration: Should be taken with a full glass of water. Capsules must be swallowed whole, not chewed. Syrup formulations should be measured using provided dosing cup. For optimal efficacy, maintain adequate hydration throughout treatment course. Duration of treatment typically ranges from 8-10 days for acute conditions to long-term maintenance in chronic disorders.
Precautions
Renal function should be assessed before initiation and monitored during prolonged therapy due to primarily renal excretion. Use with caution in patients with history of peptic ulcer disease, as mucolytic agents may potentially irritate gastric mucosa. Diabetic patients should be aware that syrup formulations contain sucrose. Pregnancy category B: use only if clearly needed after risk-benefit assessment. Breastfeeding considerations: excreted in milk; decision should be made considering infant’s benefit versus risk. Hepatic impairment requires dosage adjustment and close monitoring. Patients should report any signs of gastrointestinal bleeding or severe dermatological reactions immediately.
Contraindications
Absolute contraindications include hypersensitivity to carbocisteine or any component of the formulation. Active peptic ulcer disease represents a strong contraindication due to potential exacerbation risk. Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30ml/min) prohibits use without dialysis supervision. Not recommended in children under 2 years due to immature metabolic pathways. Concurrent use with antitussives that suppress cough reflex is contraindicated as this may lead to mucus accumulation.
Possible side effect
Common (≥1/100): Gastrointestinal disturbances including nausea, epigastric discomfort, and diarrhea. Mild skin reactions such as rash or urticaria.
Uncommon (≥1/1000): Headache, dizziness, and transient aminotransferase elevations. Gastrointestinal bleeding in susceptible individuals.
Rare (<1/1000): Severe cutaneous reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Bronchospasm in asthmatic patients. Significant renal function impairment with prolonged high-dose therapy.
Monitoring parameters: Regular assessment of renal function, hepatic enzymes, and complete blood count during extended therapy.
Drug interaction
Antitussives: Reduced efficacy due to opposing mechanisms of action. Antibiotics: Enhanced penetration into bronchial secretions, particularly macrolides and cephalosporins. Anticoagulants: Theoretical increased bleeding risk, though clinical significance uncertain. NSAIDs: Potential additive gastrointestinal irritation. Diuretics: Altered excretion patterns may require dosage adjustment. Laboratory interactions: May cause false-positive ketone urine tests due to metabolite interference.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses to make up for missed administration. Maintain consistent timing to ensure stable mucolytic effect. If multiple doses are missed, contact healthcare provider for guidance on regimen re-initiation.
Overdose
Symptoms may include severe gastrointestinal distress, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In massive overdosage, renal impairment may occur due to saturation of excretion pathways. Management consists of gastric lavage if presented within 1 hour of ingestion. Activated charcoal may be administered. Supportive care including hydration maintenance and electrolyte balance monitoring is essential. No specific antidote exists. Hemodialysis may be considered in cases with significant renal impairment. Contact poison control center immediately for guidance.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (15-30°C). Protect from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep syrup formulations tightly closed to prevent evaporation and concentration changes. Do not freeze liquid formulations. Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets. Discard any unused portion after treatment completion period. Do not use beyond expiration date printed on packaging.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Individual response to therapy may vary based on specific clinical circumstances. Healthcare professionals should exercise clinical judgment when prescribing carbocisteine, considering individual patient factors, contraindications, and potential interactions. Always follow approved prescribing information and local guidelines. Patients should consult their healthcare provider before initiating or modifying any treatment regimen.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate carbocisteine’s efficacy in multiple respiratory conditions. A meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials (n=3,452) showed significant improvement in sputum expectoration and reduction in cough severity compared to placebo (p<0.01). Pulmonologists report consistent improvement in mucus clearance parameters, particularly in COPD patients with chronic bronchitis. Patient-reported outcomes indicate 78% satisfaction with symptom relief, though some note gastrointestinal side effects. Long-term studies suggest reduced exacerbation frequency in chronic users by approximately 30%. Comparative studies show non-inferiority to other mucolytic agents with favorable side effect profile. Real-world evidence supports its position as first-line mucolytic therapy in many clinical guidelines.